URL Rewrite技术

藏书人摘要：URL Rewrite技术。该技术的核心方程是在服务器端，主要通过服务器的重写技术，一种基于正则表达式的重定向技术。 原理如：index.php?id=124这个地址，服务器事先定义，/可以替换，重写为?id=则，这个地址就变成index.php/124。这个定义的意思是说，当服务器w...
URL Rewrite技术。该技术的核心方程是在服务器端，主要通过服务器的重写技术，一种基于正则表达式的重定向技术。

原理如：index.php?id=124这个地址，服务器事先定义，/可以替换，重写为?id=则，这个地址就变成index.php/124。这个定义的意思是说，当服务器www.twomaxinter.com接受到一个http请求，请求访问其上的index.php/124这个文件时，先通过Rewrite对该地址进行重写，然后载入重写后的地址，进行解析。这样当你访问http://www.twomaxinter.com/index.php/124时，并没有直接到达这个文件，而是这个地址，在服务器那里被换掉了，而这个换掉的过程，对客户端而言是隐蔽的，不可知的。

这里说的，只是原理，简单的替换，事实上，URL Rewrite还可以做许多更复杂的代换。如喜悦国际村的，由showthreads.php?postid=12345转换为12345.html。具体可以参照apache手册中的说明。

为什么要应用URL Rewrite技术。

从原理上可知，这种技术并不能实际提高访问速度，减少负载，与生成静态页面有着本质上的区别，但为什么有那么多网站热衷于此呢？说到这里，我们不得不提到搜索引擎。搜索引擎后台的蜘蛛引擎可以动态抓取互联网上的页面，经分析后存入数据库。但动态页面，一般却是不被蜘蛛引擎考虑的，只有很少部分，可能会被自动收录进去。而蜘蛛引擎识别静态页面和动态页面是从一点基本点着手，即静态页面一般不包含参数。即?id=...&post=..之类的。而动态页面多有这个东西。所以蜘蛛引擎在收录过程中，?后的部分基本是不考虑的。这样造成的结果就是showthreads.php?id=123456由于?后部分被忽略，就变成了showthreads.php。当然这个页面并不具备任何实际内容的。即，URL Rewrite技术多为搜索引擎而来。

具体的URL Rewrite方法，参数，可参阅apache手册中URL Rewrite部分。及以下地址：

http://linux.dalouis.com/doc/apache2.0/misc/rewriteguide.html

希望对各位，能够有所帮助。



Trackback: http://tb.blog.csdn.net/TrackBack.aspx?PostId=1191944


给个代码大家参考:

htaccess tips Part 2. How to rewrite advanced url's on apache

Part 1. is here: http://forums.seochat.com/showthread.php?p=121601

I have test all this. Use absolute paths for everything, example:
<img src=""/>


Some quick stuff:
([a-z] ) - just small letters
([A-Z] ) - just big letters
([0-9] ) - just numbers
([a-zA-Z_-] ) - small and big letters and minus (-)
([a-zA-Z0-9_-] ) - small and big letters, numbers and minus (-)

(.*) - everything - warning!!!! don't ever use - this have to much permissions


Example 1.

www.domain.com/index.php?category=search-engine-optimization


1. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )$ index.php?category=$1 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/search-engine-optimization


2. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )$ index.php?category=$1 [R=301,L]



results: www.domain.com/category/search-engine-optimization


3. solution
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-] ).html$ index.php?category=$1 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/search-engine-optimization.html


4. solution
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] ).html$ index.php?category=$1 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/category/search-engine-optimization.html

5. solution
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/$ index.php?category=$1 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/category/search-engine-optimization/





Example 2.

www.domain.com/index.php?category=internet&subcategory=search-engine-optimization



1. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/internet/search-engine-optimization


2. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/subcategory/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/category/internet/subcategory/search-engine-optimization


3. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] ).html$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/internet/search-engine-optimization.html


4. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/subcategory/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] ).html$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/category/internet/subcategory/search-engine-optimization.html

5. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/subcategory/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/category/internet/subcategory/search-engine-optimization/




Example 3.

www.domain.com/index.php?category=internet&subcategory=search-engine-optimization&more=articles



1. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2&more=$3 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/internet/search-engine-optimization/articles


2. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/subcategory/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/more/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2&more=$3 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/category/internet/subcategory/search-engine-optimization/more/articles


3. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] ).html$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2&more=$3 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/internet/search-engine-optimization/articles.html


4. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/subcategory/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/more/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] ).html$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2&more=$3 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/category/internet/subcategory/search-engine-optimization/more/articles.html

5. solution:
Code:
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^category/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/subcategory/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/more/([a-zA-Z0-9_-] )/$ index.php?category=$1&subcategory=$2&more=$3 [R=301,L]


results: www.domain.com/category/internet/subcategory/search-engine-optimization/more/articles/


more resources:
Apache mod rewrite docs
Apache RewriteBase docs
Mod rewrite forum
Absolute and Relative paths
SEW mod rewrite tips and tricks
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